β decay of semi-magic 130 Cd: Revision and extension of the level scheme of 130 In

The β decay of the semi-magic nucleus Cd130 has been studied at the RIBF facility at the RIKEN Nishina Center. The high statistics of the present experiment allowed for a revision of the established level scheme of In130 and the observation of additional β feeding to high-lying core-excited states in In130. The experimental results are compared to shell-model calculations employing a model space consisting of the full major N=50-82 neutron and Z=28-50 proton shells and the NA-14 interaction, and good agreement is foundThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under contract FPA2011-29854-C04 and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad under Contract No. FPA2014-57196-C5- 4-P, the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under Grant No. PROMETEO/2010/101, the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (NRF-2014S1A2A2028636, 2016K1A3A7A09005579), the Priority Centers Research Program in Korea (2009-0093817), OTKA Contract No. K-100835, JSPS KAKENHI (Grant No. 25247045), the European Commission through the Marie Curie Actions call FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF under Contract No. 300096, the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, the STFC (UK), the “RIKEN foreign research program,” the German BMBF (No. 05P12RDCIA, No. 05P12RDNUP, and No. 05P12PKFNE), HIC for FAIR, the DFG cluster of excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe,” and DFG (Contract No. KR2326/2-1

First observation of γ rays emitted from excited states south-east of 132Sn: The π g−1 9/2 ⊗ ν f7/2 multiplet of 132In83

Artículo escrito por muchos autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración y los autores que firman como pertenecientes a la UAMFor the first time, the γ decay of excited states has been observed in a nucleus situated in the quadrant south-east of doubly magic 132Sn, a region in which experimental information so far is limited to ground-state properties. Six γ rays with energies of 50, 86, 103, 227, 357, and 602 keV were observed following the β-delayed neutron emission from 133Cd85, populated in the projectile fission of a 238U beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN within the EURICA project. The new experimental information is compared to the results of a modern realistic shell-model calculation, the first one in this region very far from stability, focusing in particular on the π0g−1 9/2 ⊗ ν1f7/2 particle-hole multiplet in 132In83. In addition, theoretical estimates based on a scaling of the two-body matrix elements for the πh−1 11/2 ⊗ νg9/2 analog multiplet in 208Tl127, one major proton and one major neutron shell above, are presentedThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under Contract No. FPA2011-29854-C04 and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad under Contract No. FPA2014-57196-C5- 4-P, the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under Grant No. PROMETEO/2010/101, the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. NRF-2012R1A1A1041763), the Priority Centers Research Program in Korea (2009-0093817), OTKA Contract No. K-100835, JSPS KAKENHI (Grant No. 25247045), the European Commission through the Marie Curie Actions call FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF under Contract No. 300096 and the German BMBF (No. 05P12RDCIA and No. 05P12RDNUP), and Helmholtz International Center for FAI

On-line and off-line data assimilation in palaeoclimatology: a case study

Different ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) approaches for palaeoclimate reconstructions have been recently undertaken, but no systematic comparison among them has been attempted. We compare an off-line and an on-line ensemble-based method, with the testing period being the 17th century, which led into the Maunder Minimum. We use a low-resolution version of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) to assimilate the Past Global Changes (PAGES) 2k continental temperature reconstructions. In the off-line approach, the ensemble for the entire simulation period is generated first and then the ensemble is used in combination with the empirical information to produce the analysis. In contrast, in the on-line approach, the ensembles are generated sequentially for sub-periods based on the analysis of previous sub-periods. Both schemes perform better than the simulations without DA. The on-line method would be expected to perform better if the assimilation led to states of the slow components of the climate system that are close to reality and the system had sufficient memory to propagate this information forward in time. In our comparison, which is based on analysing correlations and differences between the analysis and the proxy-based reconstructions, we find similar skill for both methods on the continental and hemispheric scales. This indicates either a lack of control of the slow components in our setup or a lack of skill in the information propagation on decadal timescales. Additional experiments are however needed to check whether the conclusions reached in this particular setup are valid in other cases. Although the performance of the two schemes is similar and the on-line method is more difficult to implement, the temporal consistency of the analysis in the on-line method makes it in general preferable

High-spin structure in K-40

High-spin states of K-40 have been populated in the fusion-evaporation reaction C-12(Si-30,np)K-40 and studied by means of gamma-ray spectroscopy techniques using one triple-cluster detector of the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array at the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. Several states with excitation energy up to 8 MeV and spin up to 10(-) have been discovered. These states are discussed in terms of J = 3 and T = 0 neutron-proton hole pairs. Shell-model calculations in a large model space have shown good agreement with the experimental data for most of the energy levels. The evolution of the structure of this nucleus is here studied as a function of excitation energy and angular momentum. ©2012 American Physical SocietyWe would like to thank the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) and the Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science (UPPMAX) for the computer resources used in parts of the analysis.This work was financed by EURONS AGATA (Contract no. 506065-R113), the Swedish Research Council under contracts 621-2008-4163, 621-2011-4522, 822-2005-3332 and 821-2010-6024, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Kakenhi Grant No. 23·01752, Ankara University (BAP Project number 05B4240002), the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education under grants number DPN/N190/AGATA/2009 and N N202 073935, the German BMBF under Grants 06K-167, 06KY205I and 06KY9136I, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation contract number 2005.0184 and STFC (UK). A. Gadea and E. Farnea acknowledge the support of MICINN, Spain, and INFN, Italy through the AIC-D-2011-0746 bilateral action. A. Gadea’s activity has been partially supported by the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain, under grant PROMETEO/2010/101. A. Gadea, A. Jungclaus, A. Poves and B. Quintana acknowledge support from the MICINN, Spain, under grant FPA2011-29854. A. Pove is partially supported by the Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) (HEPHACOS S2009-ESP-1473). G. Jaworski acknowledges the support of the Center for Advanced Studies of Warsaw University of Technology. B. Cederwall acknowledge the support of the Göran Gustafsson FoundationPeer Reviewe

First observation of γ rays emitted from excited states south-east of Sn 132: The π g9/2-1 âš - νf7/2 multiplet of In83 132

For the first time, the γ decay of excited states has been observed in a nucleus situated in the quadrant south-east of doubly magic Sn132, a region in which experimental information so far is limited to ground-state properties. Six γ rays with energies of 50, 86, 103, 227, 357, and 602 keV were observed following the β-delayed neutron emission from Cd85133, populated in the projectile fission of a U238 beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN within the EURICA project. The new experimental information is compared to the results of a modern realistic shell-model calculation, the first one in this region very far from stability, focusing in particular on the π0g9/2-1 - ν1f7/2 particle-hole multiplet in In83132. In addition, theoretical estimates based on a scaling of the two-body matrix elements for the πh11/2-1 - νg9/2 analog multiplet in Tl127208, one major proton and one major neutron shell above, are presented. © 2016 American Physical Society

High atmospheric horizontal resolution eliminates the wind-driven coastal warm bias in the southeastern tropical Atlantic

We investigate the strong warm bias in sea surface temperatures (SST) of the southeastern tropical Atlantic that occurs in most of the current global climate models. We analyse this bias in the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model at different horizontal resolutions ranging from 0.1° to 0.4° in the ocean and 0.5° to 1.8° in the atmosphere. High atmospheric horizontal resolution eliminates the SST bias close to the African coast, due to an improved representation of surface wind-stress near the coast. This improvement affects coastal upwelling and horizontal ocean circulation, as confirmed with dedicated sensitivity experiments. The wind-stress improvements are partly caused by the better represented orography at higher horizontal resolution in the spectral atmospheric model. The reductions of the coastal SST bias obtained through higher horizontal resolution do not, however, translate to a reduction of the large-scale bias extending westward from the African coast into the southeastern tropical Atlantic

Arctic sea-ice evolution as modeled by Max Planck Institute for Meteorology's Earth system model

We describe the evolution of Arctic sea ice as modeled by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology's Earth System Model (MPI-ESM). The modeled spatial distribution and interannual variability of the sea-ice cover agree well with satellite observations and are improved relative to the model's predecessor ECHAM5/MPIOM. An evaluation of modeled sea-ice coverage based on sea-ice area gives, however, conflicting results compared to an evaluation based on sea-ice extent and is additionally hindered by uncertainties in the observational record. Simulated trends in sea-ice coverage for the satellite period range from more strongly negative than observed to positive. The observed evolution of Arctic sea ice is incompatible with modeled internal variability and probably caused by external forcing. Simulated drift patterns agree well with observations, but simulated drift speed is generally too high. Simulated sea-ice volume agrees well with volume estimates of the PIOMAS reanalysis for the past few years. However, a preceding Arctic wide decrease in sea-ice volume starts much earlier in MPI-ESM than in PIOMAS. Analyzing this behavior in MPI-ESM's ocean model MPIOM, we find that the modeled volume trend depends crucially on the specific choice of atmospheric reanalysis forcing, which casts some doubt on the reliability of estimates of volume trends. In our CMIP5 scenario simulations, we find a substantial delay in sea-ice response to increasing CO2 concentration; a seasonally ice-free Arctic can result for a CO2 concentration of around 500 ppm. Simulated winter sea-ice coverage drops rapidly to near ice-free conditions once the mean Arctic winter temperature exceeds −5°C

Initializing decadal climate predictions with the GECCO oceanic synthesis

This study aims at improving the forecast skill of climate predictions through the use of ocean synthesis data for initial conditions of a coupled climate model. For this purpose, the coupled model of the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Meteorology, which consists of the atmosphere model ECHAM5 and the MPI Ocean Model (MPI-OM), is initialized with oceanic synthesis fields available from the German contribution to Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (GECCO) project. The use of an anomaly coupling scheme during the initialization avoids the main problems with drift in the climate predictions. Thus, the coupled model is continuously forced to follow the density anomalies of the GECCO synthesis over the period 1952-2001. Hindcast experiments are initialized from this experiment at constant intervals. The results show predictive skill through the initialization up to the decadal time scale, particularly over the North Atlantic. Viewed over the time scales analyzed here (annual, 5-yr, and 10-yr mean), greater skill for the North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) is obtained in the hindcast experiments than in either a damped persistence or trend forecast. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation hindcast closely follows that of the GECCO oceanic synthesis. Hindcasts of global-mean temperature do not obtain greater skill than either damped persistence or a trend forecast, owing to the SST errors in the GECCO synthesis, outside the North Atlantic. An ensemble of forecast experiments is subsequently performed over the period 2002-11. North Atlantic SST from the forecast experiment agrees well with observations until the year 2007, and it is higher than if simulated without the oceanic initialization (averaged over the forecast period). The results confirm that both the initial and the boundary conditions must be accounted for in decadal climate predictions